"A handful of years ago, the framework ecosystem was quite fragmented, but TensorFlow was the frontrunner. Google looked poised to control the machine learning industry. They had a first movers’ advantage with the most commonly used framework, TensorFlow, and by designing/deploying the only successful AI application-specific accelerator, TPU.
https://thegradient.pub/state-of-ml-frameworks-2019-pytorch-dominates-research-tensorflow-dominates-industry/
Instead, PyTorch won. Google failed to convert its first mover’s advantage into dominance of the nascent ML industry. Nowadays, Google is somewhat isolated within the machine learning community because of its lack of use of PyTorch and GPUs in favor of its own software stack and hardware. In typical Google fashion, they even have a 2nd framework called Jax that competes directly with TensorFlow."
The State of Machine Learning Frameworks in 2019
