yt-dlp is a well-maintained fork of youtube-dl. It is also a python program.
yt-dlp --extract-audio --audio-format mp3 --output "output.mp3" "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOdnqOOd2ZI"
yt-dlp --write-auto-sub --convert-subs=srt --skip-download <YOUTUBE-VIDEO-URL>
yt-dlp --extract-audio --embed-metadata --audio-format vorbis --output "Foundation" "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fwl8ItIyPU0"
yt-dlp --write-auto-sub --convert-subs=srt --skip-download "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fwl8ItIyPU0"
# download the playlist
# I, Robot (9 videos)
yt-dlp <playlist_url>
yt-dlp --extract-audio --embed-metadata --audio-format vorbis -o "%(playlist_index)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LoCVm5BtGoI&list=PLUxEnlZFAnP1I7nLDpNwqOhxMcPtEy4CD"
# download the subtitles, skip the video download, and convert them to SRT forma
yt-dlp --skip-download --write-subs --write-auto-subs --sub-lang en --sub-format ttml --convert-subs srt <playlist_url>
yt-dlp --skip-download --write-subs --write-auto-subs --sub-lang en --sub-format ttml --convert-subs srt <playlist_url>
--playlist-items 1,3,5 downloads videos 1, 3, and 5.
--playlist-items 1:5 downloads videos from 1 to 5.
--playlist-items 1:5 downloads videos from 1 to 5.